Shari’a Still Rules Libya and Egypt: Death for Apostasy

This is a lightly edited version of an article published originally under the title "Meanwhile, in Libya and Egypt."

Winfield Myers

A Libyan court has sentenced a young man to death for “apostasy from Islam.” According to the Libyan al-Jumhiriyah channel, the verdict was issued against a young man named Diya’ al-Din Bil’awa, who graduated from the College of Information Technology in 2018.

Diya’ was also described as a hafiz — one who has memorized the entire Koran — suggesting that he was once a member of the Islamic clerical class, thereby making his apostasy all the more scandalous.

It is unclear how the accused’s apostasy has manifested itself — whether he had converted to Christianity, as is often the case with Muslim apostates, or whether he had become an outspoken atheist or agnostic.

According to al-Jumhiriyah, sometime in 2019, the accused was “offered” to retract his apostasy and rejoin the fold of Islam, but he refused to do so.

What is clear is that the apostasy law being cited was established in Libya’s penal code after the “Arab Spring” overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi, when “We [the U.S.] came, we saw, he died,” to quote a cackling then-secretary of state, Hillary Clinton.

Winfield Myers

Image of the death sentencing for apostasy against Diya’ al-Din Bil’awa, issued by Libya and dated September 4, 2022.

This development is another reminder that, as with every other Middle Eastern nation that experienced what the Western media long portrayed as an “Arab Spring” — a supposed overthrow of tyranny and authoritarianism, replaced by liberalism and progressivism — Libya, where 21 Coptic Christians had their heads severed for their faith in 2015, has taken a turn for the worse.

In neighboring Egypt, it was also just reported the other day that a Cairo appeals court confirmed a five-year imprisonment sentence (with hard labor) for another young man, a Copt, Marco Guirguis Shehata, who is charged with “deriding Islam.” The accusation is based on “evidence” found on his smartphone, which Marco had said was stolen at that time. His father, a modest ironsmith in Kena, north of Luxor, and his entire family were devastated by the unexpectedly harsh sentence.

These two cases — a man sentenced to death for “apostasy” in Libya and another sentenced to five years imprisonment with hard labor for “deriding Islam” in Egypt — come within just one week of the tragic case of “Baby Shenouda.” Egyptian authorities snatched a four-year-old child from his adoptive Christian parents and sent him to an orphanage, where he was forcibly “returned” to Islam. The reason for such an inhumane reaction is that Egypt’s constitution is based on sharia, which not only bans adoption but also teaches that every human is a sort of prototypical Muslim upon birth; they only “lose” their Islam when taught false things or religions — hence the urgent need to remove this child from otherwise loving but Christian parents.

Surely it is high time for the civilized world to acknowledge sharia for what it is: the antithesis of human rights?

Raymond Ibrahim is the Judith Friedman Rosen Fellow at the Middle East Forum.

Raymond Ibrahim, a specialist in Islamic history and doctrine, is the author of Defenders of the West: The Christian Heroes Who Stood Against Islam (2022); Sword and Scimitar: Fourteen Centuries of War between Islam and the West (2018); Crucified Again: Exposing Islam’s New War on Christians (2013); and The Al Qaeda Reader (2007). He has appeared on C-SPAN, Al-Jazeera, CNN, NPR, and PBS and has been published by the New York Times Syndicate, the Los Angeles Times, the Washington Post, the Financial Times, the Weekly Standard, the Chronicle of Higher Education, and Jane’s Islamic Affairs Analyst. Formerly an Arabic linguist at the Library of Congress, Ibrahim guest lectures at universities, briefs governmental agencies, and testifies before Congress. He has been a visiting fellow/scholar at a variety of Institutes—from the Hoover Institution to the National Intelligence University—and is the Judith Friedman Rosen Fellow at the Middle East Forum and the Distinguished Senior Shillman Fellow at the Gatestone Institute.
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