ABU DHABI - In a region of civil war (Syria, Yemen, Libya), hardening dictatorship (Turkey, Egypt), nuclear build up (Iran), and potential water calamity (Iraq), where in the Middle East outside Israel can one find the good life? Surprisingly perhaps, in the United Arab Emirates, a country in the Persian Gulf.
The UAE’s seven emirs rule over an oasis of calm in the Middle East, but it is not immune to the surrounding furies. |
Despite the country’s many challenges – proximity to Iran and Iraq, almost no natural fresh water, oil prices tanking, 8/9ths of the population foreign, violent Islamists lurking – its 10 million inhabitants live well.
Two basic facts set the scene. First, the UAE has the near-unique distinction of being (along with Switzerland), a country ruled by committee, a unique one: the seven rulers of the seven individual emirates.
Further, those rulers are embedded in extended and influential families. This combination makes it difficult for one individual to dominate the country or to rule as a narcissist. At the same time, each sovereign (notably, the emir of Dubai) enjoys wide latitude within his own domain, giving each emirate a distinct character.
UAE rulers enjoy broad authority in return for providing stability and prosperity.
Second, a compact between rulers and ruled means the former enjoy a broad authority in return for providing stability and prosperity. As in other Persian Gulf monarchies (with the slight exception of Kuwait), a combination of tribal past and oil-rich present creates a society in which the usual give-and-take of politics barely exist, replaced by an all-encompassing paternalism joining the power of a government that need not tax with the protectiveness of a tribal chief. Rather than democracy, the rulers host political soirées open to all.
Paternalism implies simple rules: No challenging the rulers. Never try to reduce their power. Maintain public decorum and discretion. The result is a society focused on family and social relations, mall-shopping, entertainment, travel, and other innocent pleasures for children, families, and couples. Eroticism, edginess, and radicalism are unwelcome.
Dubai’s Global Village feels like a Disneyland spinoff. |
News from the UAE tends to be bland, about the emir’s meetings, oil price fluctuations, store openings, bridge closings, times of prayer, and sports scores. The flamboyant Atlantis Hotel in Dubai brings Las Vegas to mind, except gambling, booze, and prostitution are to varying degrees illegal. Global Village, also in Dubai, feels like a Disneyland spinoff.
In private, residents (subjects and expatriates alike) are largely left alone. Political discussions, political ideologies, alcohol, drugs, sex – are all ignored on condition of prudence and never threatening the public order. Ceiling cameras are ubiquitous but videotapes are reviewed only when there’s specific cause.
Although the system mostly works, it feels confining to foreigners accustomed to the hurly-burly of a free political marketplace, maximal self-expression, and the right to challenge mores. Anyone wanting to range outside acceptable Emirati boundaries is advised to live somewhere else, as punishments can be dauntingly severe.
Michelle Palmer and Vince Acors, off the beach. |
Two examples: A British duo who met at an all-you-can-drink champagne brunch and unwisely wandered off to a beach to make out (their version) or engage in intercourse (the government’s version) soon found themselves in a shot-gun marriage, fined, suffering mental problems, serving a 3-month jail term, and then deported. An Australian woman irritated by a car taking up two disabled parking spaces knew Emirati customs well enough to obscure the license plate on her photograph before posting it on Facebook; nonetheless, the owner of the offending vehicle complained to the authorities about being insulted. They promptly arrested the Australian, strip-searched, convicted, jailed, then deported her.
Worse, the ruling family can misbehave with impunity. Issa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, a brother of the ruler of Abu Dhabi, videotaped himself sadistically torturing and nearly murdering an Afghan merchant whom he accused of cheating him out of $5,000. But – unlike the Australian woman – Issa suffered no consequences because the interior minister, another brother, arranged for him to be found innocent.
Fortunately, due to social constraints, this sort of depravity is quite rare in the UAE. Compared to most Middle Eastern countries, the Emirates have found a formula for success. Committee rule has its limitations but, compared with the dictators dominating nearby countries, it looks pretty good. Hypocrisy is not charming but it beats the religious oppression found in next-door Saudi Arabia.
My conclusion is one of caution. Whatever the UAE’s faults, and they are plentiful, pushing for a more democratic government and a free-wheeling society risks spoiling this oasis of calm and opening the country to the furies that dominate the rest of the region. Better to leave it be and encourage its influence.
Daniel Pipes (DanielPipes.org, @DanielPipes) is president of the Middle East Forum.
